A QUANTITATIVE MICROBIAL RISK ASSESSMENT (QMRA) FRAMEWORK FOR EXPOSURE FROM TOILET FLUSHING USING EXPERIMENTAL AEROSOL CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS

A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) framework for exposure from toilet flushing using experimental aerosol concentration measurements

Background: Flushing a toilet generates aerosols potentially containing microorganisms, serving as a transmission route for pathogens, notably gastrointestinal and respiratory infections.Despite identification of aerosols and positive microbial sampling, there is a lack of quantitative assessments linking aerosol generation to infection risk in toi

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The efficiency of granular pile anchor foundation system in reducing heave of Irbid expansive clayey soil: An experimental investigation

This study is devoted to investigate the efficiency of granular pile anchor (GPA) in 5 Piece Outdoor Dining Set controlling heave of shallow foundations constructing over expansive soils.In this study heave measurements were made on laboratory model footings reinforced with GPAs having different diameter (3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm) and embedded length (2

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Preliminary Studies on Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Aloe Vera Leaf, Citrus Hystrix Leaf, Zingiber Officinale and Sabah Snake Grass Against Bacillus Subtilis

Herbal plants have several potential antimicrobial activities either as antifungal or antibacterial to fight against the disease and pathogen that attack the plants.The extractions of the Aloe vera leaf, 5 Piece King Poster Bedroom Citrus hystrix leaf, Zingiber officinale rhizome and Sabah snake grass were selected in this study to fight against Ba

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